However, if the line spacing cannot be adjusted to take the movement, expansion loops need to be added. If the thermal displacement at each end is within the project-specific limit and it will not clash with other lines, no expansion loop will be required. Method for Sizing Pipeway Expansion LoopsĪnchor lines near their center to determine which lines require loops by checking the allowable expansion at each end of the run. Vertical loops are placed at road crossings and sometimes are nonsymmetrically located due to the location of the road.Three-dimensional expansion loops are widely used because this arrangement does not block the routing of low-temperature lines under the loop.The sketch below was used to explain the waterhammer incidents.
Three separate failures in the steam system were investigated at the Plant two were determined to be caused by water hammer, the third by unrestrained pipe expansion after an anchor was removed but not replaced.
KINETICS Pipe & Duct Seismic Application Manual EXTREME TEMPERATURE PIPING APPLICATIONS PAGE 2 of 18 SECTION S9. Minimum loop height depends on the berthing of the line with respect to the location of the loop support. Pipe Anchor Pipe Guide Section of Pipe Figure S9-1 Typical Section of Extreme Temperature Piping Center Anchor.Loop width has only a secondary effect on results. The main purpose of pipework anchors and guides are to control pipe movement due to thermal expansion and enable expansion joints to function as designed. Loop width does not have to be near 20 feet just because the loop nomographs happen to use that number.
Thermal expansion must be allowed for when spacing adjacent loops.Loop width should always be based on utilizing existing supports.Establishing loading on pipe supports, guides, restraints, and anchors. 4: Multiple Expansion loops in a piping system Placing Expansion Loops/ Expansion Loop Placements The bellows-type expansion joint is used on engine exhausts, steam exhausts.